Decorticating device for timber



Aug. 8, 1933. A. BEZNER DECORTICATING DEVICE FOR TIMBER Filed NOV. 22,1930 Z'Sheets-Sheet l llllllllll Aug. 8, 1933.

A. BEZNER DECORTICATING DEVICE FOR TIMBER Filed NOV. 22, 1950 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug., 8, i933 NTD PATENT Application November22, 1930, Serial No. 497,549, and in Germany November 23, 1929 Claims.

The present invention relates to decorticating or barking machines forround timber, tre trunks, masts, and the like, and particularly to thatclass of machines, in which the timber to be decorticated is turnedduring the barking process by means of rotatable tappet wheels and, byplacing the tappet wheels in an angular position, simultaneously movedforward relative toV the barking tool so that the timber can bedecorticated by being turned only once.

According to the invention, the tool used for the barking operationresembles a cylindrical cutter with helical cutting edge formed by oneor several sheet metal units helically wound upon a supporting element,the sheet metal unit or units being wound upon the basic element in asingle or multiplex thread. This arrangement insures a long, continuousfedge on the cutter body and a drawing, shockless cut at greatestpossible saving of the edge; moreover, the sheet metal cutting edgewound upon the body ci the cutter can be separately exchanged, removedand reground.

The barking tool according to the invention is carried by a hollowoscillatory arm serving also for drawing on" the shavings.

The tappet or sprocket wheels on which the timber to be decorticated ispositioned are disposed on their shafts in a manner such as to permitoscillation about their diameters and can thus be adjusted according tothe varying diameters of the timber to be treated. For this purpose thetappet wheel axles are provided with spherical bearing units on whichthe tappet wheels consisting of one or several parts and being hollowand spherical inside are guided oscillatorily. Therefore, the tappetwheels can carry out any swinging motion relative to the shaft While theposition of the latter remains unaltered.

One form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 is a side view of a decorticating machine according tothe invention; Fig. la is a front View of the ratchet wheel mounting, aportion of the same being cut away; Fig. 2, a top view thereof; Figures3 and 4 are, respectively, a cross and longitudinal section of a tappetwheel; Figs. 5 and 6, respectively, a cross and longitudinal section ofthe new helical cutter with its support; and Fig. 7 is an enlarged crosssection of the cutter.

Referring to the=drawings, the mast 1 to be decorticated rests on thedriven tappet wheels 2 which are arranged oscillatorily and when turnedaround their diameters in opposite directions out (Ci. P14-221) of avertical plane, turn the mast l during the barking process while movingit forward in axial direction. The mast 1 is worked by the helicalcutter 4. rotatably disposed on the free end of the tubular pendulum 22,23 and driven, for instance, by the belt indicated. In Fig. 2, twopendulurns 22, 23 are shown which are rotatably intercorrnected by meansof the curved piece 27 provided with the discharge pipe 28 and each ofwhich carries at its free end a helical cutter 4. Fenduluins having onearm or more than two may be employed also.

As can be seen with particular clearness in Fig. 6, the helical cutter 4consists of the body 17 nrmly positioned on the shaft guided in the twobearings 19 and driven, for example, by the pulley 21 and of the sheetmetal band 18 helically applied to the body 17. In Fig. 6 two steelbands 18 are wound in double thread on the body 17, but it is alsopossible to provide one or several steel bands in one or multiplethreads. The circumference of the body l'l is correspondingly shaped toreceive and secure the helical steel bands i8 and provided withfastening surfaces therefor, the bands 18 being preferably exchangeablysecured to the body by means of screws. At its outer border the steelband 18 is made into a cutting edge. It will be apparent from thedrawing and especially from Figure 6 thereof, thatthe helical cutter ismounted at an angle less than 90 degrees with respect to the centralaxis of the body 17. Because of this particular arrangement, the cutterengages the bark more positively and eiects a planing rather than ascraping action, thus resulting in a smoother and cleaner cut.

The cutter shaft 20 is carried by the light metal casing 22 which can berotated, but not longitudinally displaced, on the pendulum steel Atube23. In the double pendulum arrangement shown the two pendulum tubes 23are connected by a curved member 27 with the joint suction discharge 28.

As clearly appears from Figures 2, 5 and 6, the depth of penetration iscontrolled by levers 24 pivoted at 24a on the head 22, one of theselevers being arranged on each side of the cutting roll ln each cuttinghead. Adjusting screws 25 limit the upward movement ofthe outer freeends of these levers. The levers have portions extending below thecasing 22 (Fig. 6) which engage the surface of the timber and limit thedownward cutting action of the cutter roll and its penetration into thetimber.

The tappet wheel bracket 31 is provided with a suction dischargingdevice for shavings, and

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the like, comprising a hollow space 29 disposed below the tappet wheels2 andshaped so that the dropping shavings and the like accumulate at onepoint where they lcan be drawn oir by the piping 30.

The tappet wheels 2 are oscillatorily disposed on their axes of rotation6, and for this purpose the shafts 6, which may be driven, for example,by the sprocket 32 or in any other suitable manner, are provided withthe keyed-on spherical -units 7 (Figs. 3 and 4) carrying the tappetwheels 2. The latter consist of the two portions 8 connected by screwsor other suitable means, the said portions being hollow and sphericalinside and adapted to receive on their outside the rim 9. To facilitatetheir guidance on the spherical unit '1 the tappet wheels are fittedwith the sliding pieces 1l which turn about the bolts l2 and can bedisplaced inthe grooves v1U of the spherical unit 7.

'Ihe adjusting member 13 for the tappets 2 can be rotated in the bearing15 by the bolt 14 and may be turned by means of the worm wheel segment16 or any other suitable device, such as levers, and the like.

The band 18 wound helically on the body 17 may consist also of sheetiron welded together with high grade steel at the cutting surfaces.

1. A device for decorticating timber comprising a cylindrical bodyhaving a continuous helical recess on its peripheral surface, one wallof said recess being cross sectionally inclined in relation to thelongitudinal axis of said body, and a continuous cutting band helicallywound in said recess and secured to the inclined wall thereof byengagement with the body.

2. A device for decorticating timber, comprising a cylindrical body, acutting band wound` helically about said body and disposed in crosssectionally inclined relation to the longitudinal axis of the latter, asupport rotatably suspending said body with the cutting band thereon,means movably arranged on said support to adjust the body with thecutting band thereon in relation to the timber to be decorticated, andsetting means associated with said adjusting means.

3. A device for decorticating timber comprising a cylindrical bodyhaving a continuous helical recess on its peripheral surface, one wallof said recess being cross sectionally inclined with relation to thelongitudinal axis of said body, a

continuous cutting band helically wound in said recess and secured tothe inclined wall thereof by engagement with the body, a supportrotatably suspending said body with the cutting band thereon, andmeans'to adjust said body with the cutting band thereon in relation tothe timber to be decorticated.

4. A device for decorticating timber comprising a cylindrical body, acutting band Wound helically about said body and disposed thereon crosssectionally inclined at an angle less than 90 degrees with respect tothe central axis of said body.

5. A device for decorticating timber comprising a cylindrical bodyhaving a helical recess on its peripheral surface, a cutting bandreceived in said recess and secured therein by engagement with the body,and said cuttingband disposed cross sectionally inclined at an angleless than 90 degrees with respect to the central axis of said body. Y

ALBERT BEZNER.

